Using methodology based on exhaustive research and critical view of the existing bibliography, as well as modern analytical methods such as optic and electronic microscopy and X-Ray fluorescence spectroscopy, this book examines metallurgy and smelting techniques used on Iberian peninsula from the Chalcolitic up to Roman Periods. The result is a broader picture showing unsophisticated metallurgy, simple smelting techniques based on the use of crucible-furnaces traces of which can be found in most settlements up to the Iron Age.