This book presents the optical communication and networking dramatic reduction in transmission loss of optical fibers coupled with equally important developments in the area of light sources (transmitter) and detectors have brought about a phenomenal growth of the fiber optic industry during the past two decades. Indeed, the birth of optical fiber communications coincided with the fabrication of low-loss optical fibers and operation of room temperature semiconductor lasers in 1970. Since then, the scientific and technological progress in the field has been so phenomenal that optical fiber communication systems find themselves already in the fifth generation within a span of about 25 years. Although the major application of optical fibers has been in the area of telecommunications This book presents the optical communication and networking dramatic reduction in transmission loss of optical fibers coupled with equally important.